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Previous vaccine modifications did not provide strong protection against omicron and new variants because they are adapted to the original virus. The action of the new preparation is predominantly directed specifically against omicron, which is very different from the original strain.
The currently widely used COVID-19 vaccines are active against both the original SARS-CoV-2 variant and the omicron variant. The latter is now dominant worldwide, and the dramatic increase in the number of its sub-variants prompted the development of vaccines for these strains. Since then, however, other variants have taken over, including the highly mutated BA.2.86