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These polyelectrolytes were found to be active against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration of only 25 micrograms per millilitre. As for the effect on human blood cells, cationic polymers with a lower degree of polymerisation have a more pronounced selective effect on microbes than on erythrocytes.